![]() These judgements continue an older tradition in the literature on nationalism, a corpus which suggests that ‘primordialism’ is a topic still worth debating. Ultimately, what is at stake in this competition is the distribution of symbolic and material resources. primordialism is ‘a difficult position to hold’, one with which hardly any scholars identify. Third, we argue that conceptualising ethnicity as capital dismantles the artificial dualism between the symbolic realm of identities and the material realm of the economy and makes it possible to move beyond primordialist, instrumentalist and purely symbolic understandings of the nexus between conflict and ethnicity. These discourses and practices permeate the Congo's political order, shape people's understanding of politics, conflict and political identities, and have contributed to the formation of an unstable, centrifugal, and fragmentary political order. Second, we argue that the high political value of this ethnic capital is sustained by engrained discourses and practices of ethnicity. ![]() ![]() First, we argue that ethnicity is a defining political resource in the Congo's politics and violent conflicts, which we call 'ethnic capital'. ![]() Department of Conflict and Development StudiesĪbstract In this paper, we investigate the nexus between ethnicity and violent conflict in the Congo., Tatiana Carayannis and Godefroid Muzalia Organization ![]()
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